金枝

《金枝》系弗雷澤的代表作之一。該書基於世界各地相關材料分析，揭示了人類思想活動經由“巫術—宗教—科學”的更迭模式及其邏輯規律，提出了“巫術先於宗教”的著名論斷，並運用歷史比較法，系統梳理，抽繹出了巫術與宗教的嚴整體系，重新建構了“原始社會”的圖景。文筆清麗，義理明暢，讀之不忍釋卷。

該書影響巨大，不囿於人類學，對西方文學頗具推動力，催生了現代主義的原始情緒，對現當代的人類學研究具有不可替代的作用和意義。 ^[2] 

導 讀

— 001 —

PREFACE

— 001 —

CHAPTER I　THE KING OF THE WOOD

— 003 —

§1. Diana and Virbius.

— 003 —

§2. Artemis and Hippolytus.

— 014 —

§3. Recapitulation.

— 016 —

CHAPTER II　PRIESTLY KINGS

— 019 —

CHAPTER III　SYMPATHETIC MAGIC

— 023 —

§1. The Principles of Magic.

— 023 —

§2. Homoeopathic or Imitative Magic.

— 026 —

§3. Contagious Magic.

— 067 —

§4. The Magician’s Progress.

— 080 —

CHAPTER IV　MAGIC AND RELIGION

— 086 —

…………

§3. The Transference to Men.

— 913 —

§4. The Transference of Evil in Europe.

— 915 —

CHAPTER LVI　THE PUBLIC EXPULSION OF EVILS

— 921 —

§1. The Omnipresence of Demons.

— 921 —

§2. The Occasional Expulsion of Evils.

— 922 —

§3. The Periodic Expulsion of Evils.

— 928 —

CHAPTER LVII　PUBLIC SCAPEGOATS

— 946 —

§1. The Expulsion of Embodied Evils.

— 946 —

§2. The Occasional Expulsion of Evils in a Material Vehicle.

— 948 —

§3. The Periodic Expulsion of Evils in a Material Vehicle.

— 952 —

§4. On Scapegoats in General.

— 965 —

CHAPTER LVIII　HUMAN SCAPEGOATS IN CLASSICAL ANTIQUITY

— 970 —

§1. The Human Scapegoat in Ancient Rome.

— 970 —

§2. The Human Scapegoat in Ancient Greece.

— 971 —

§3. The Roman Saturnalia.

— 979 —

CHAPTER LIX　KILLING THE GOD IN MEXICO

— 986 —

CHAPTER LX　BETWEEN HEAVEN AND EARTH

— 995 —

§1. Not to touch the Earth.

— 995 —

§2. Not to see the Sun.

— 999 —

§3. The Seclusion of Girls at Puberty.

— 1000 —

§4. Reasons for the Seclusion of Girls at Puberty.

— 1012 —

CHAPTER LXI　THE MYTH OF BALDER

— 1019 —

CHAPTER LXII　THE FIRE-FESTIVALS OF EUROPE

— 1022 —

§1. The Fire-festivals in general.

— 1022 —

§2. The Lenten Fires.

— 1023 —

§3. The Easter Fires.

— 1031 —

§4. The Beltane Fires.

— 1035 —

§5. The Midsummer Fires.

— 1042 —

§6. The Hallowe’en Fires.

— 1059 —

§7. The Midwinter Fires.

— 1065 —

§8. The Need-fire.

— 1068 —

CHAPTER LXIII　THE INTERPRETATION OF THE FIRE- FESTIVALS

— 1074 —

§1. On the Fire-festivals in general.

— 1074 —

§2. The Solar Theory of the Fire-festivals.

— 1076 —

§3. The Purificatory Theory of the Fire-festivals.

— 1083 —

CHAPTER LXIV　THE BURNING OF HUMAN BEINGS IN THE FIRES

— 1088 —

§I. The Burning of Effigies in the Fires.

— 1088 —

§2. The Burning of Men and Animals in the Fires.

— 1090 —

CHAPTER LXV　BALDER AND THE MISTLETOE

— 1102 —

CHAPTER LXVI　THE EXTERNAL SOUL IN FOLK-TALES

— 1117 —

CHAPTER LXVII　THE EXTERNAL SOUL IN FOLK-CUSTOM

— 1135 —

§1. The External Soul in Inanimate Things.

— 1135 —

§2. The External Soul in Plants.

— 1139 —

§3. The External Soul in Animals.

— 1141 —

§4. The Ritual of Death and Resurrection.

— 1155 —

CHAPTER LXVIII　THE GOLDEN BOUGH

— 1169 —

CHAPTER LXIX　FAREWELL TO NEMI

— 1184 —

術語彙編與簡釋

— 1191 — ^[2] 

詹姆斯·喬治·弗雷澤，英國著名的人類學家、宗教歷史學、民俗學家，一生極為勤奮，著有：《圖騰信仰》《圖騰信仰與異族通婚》《金枝》《永生的信仰和對死者的崇拜》《原始宗教中的死亡恐懼》等。當時人們是這樣評價他的：“將來後代評價我們這一代人的工作時，只要開出詹姆斯•弗雷澤的著作目錄來，就足以駁回關於我們無能的指責。” ^[2]