聯合國安理會1718號決議

決議編號 第1718（2006）號決議 ^[1] 

贊成（15票）

剛果

丹麥

秘魯

俄羅斯聯邦

斯洛伐克

坦桑尼亞聯合共和國

反對（0票） --

棄權（0票） --

通過日期 2006年10月14日

第1718（2006）號決議 ^[2] 

2006年10月14日安全理事會第5551次會議通過，

安全理事會，

回顧其以往各項相關決議，包括第825（1993）號決議、第1540（2004）號決議、尤其是第1695（2006）號決議，以及2006年10月6日的主席聲明（S/PRST/2006/41），

重申核、生物和化學武器及其運載工具的擴散對國際和平與安全構成威脅，

嚴重關切朝鮮民主主義人民共和國（朝鮮）聲稱已於2006年10月9日進行一次核武器試驗，這一試驗對《不擴散核武器條約》和旨在加強防止核武器擴散全球機制的國際努力構成的挑戰，以及對該區域內外的和平與穩定造成的危險，

表示堅信應該維護防止核武器擴散的國際機制，並回顧，根據《不擴散核武器條約》，朝鮮不能具有核武器國家的地位，

痛惜朝鮮宣佈退出《不擴散核武器條約》並謀求發展核武器，

還痛惜朝鮮已拒絕無條件地重返六方會談，

認可中國、朝鮮、日本、大韓民國、俄羅斯聯邦和美國於2005年9月19日發表的《共同聲明》，

強調朝鮮迴應國際社會的其他安全和人道主義關切的重要性，

表示深為關切朝鮮聲稱進行的試驗已加劇該區域內外的緊張局勢，認定因此存在對國際和平與安全的明顯威脅，

根據《聯合國憲章》第七章採取行動，並根據第四十一條採取措施，

⒈譴責朝鮮聲稱於2006年10月9日進行的核試驗，公然無視安理會各項相關決議，尤其是第1695（2006）號決議和2006年10月6日的主席聲明（S/PRST/2006/41），其中包括這一試驗將招致國際社會的普遍譴責並將明顯威脅國際和平與安全；

⒉要求朝鮮不再進行任何核試驗或發射彈道導彈；

⒊要求朝鮮立即收回其退出《不擴散核武器條約》的宣告；

⒋還要求朝鮮重返《不擴散核武器條約》和國際原子能機構（原子能機構）的保障監督，並強調《不擴散核武器條約》所有締約國都需要繼續履行其條約義務；

⒌決定朝鮮應暫停所有與彈道導彈計劃相關的活動，並就此重新作出其原先關於暫停發射導彈的承諾；

⒍決定朝鮮應以完全、可核查和不可逆的方式放棄所有核武器和現有核計劃，嚴格按照《不擴散核武器條約》對締約方適用的義務和國際原子能機構（原子能機構）保障監督協定的條款和條件（IAEA INFCIRC/403）行事，並向原子能機構提供超出這些規定範圍的透明措施，包括讓原子能機構接觸它要求和認為需要接觸的人員、文件、設備和設施；

⒎又決定朝鮮應以完全、可核查和不可逆的方式放棄現有的其他所有大規模殺傷性武器和彈道導彈計劃；

⒏決定：

（a） 所有會員國應防止經由本國領土或本國國民，或使用懸掛本國國旗的船隻或飛機，直接或間接向朝鮮提供、銷售或轉讓下列物項，不論它們是否源於本國領土：

一《聯合國常規武器登記冊》所界定的任何作戰坦克、裝甲戰鬥車、大口徑火炮系統、作戰飛機、攻擊直升機、軍艦、導彈或導彈系統，或包括零部件在內的相關材料，或由安全理事會或下文第12段設立的委員會（委員會）認定的物項；

二S/2006/814號和S/2006/815號文件清單列出的所有物項、材料、設備、貨物和技術，除非委員會在本決議通過14天內，在同時考慮到S/2006/816號文件清單的情況下修訂或完成其規定，以及安全理事會或委員會認定的可能有助於朝鮮的核相關、彈道導彈相關或其他大規模殺傷性武器相關計劃的其他物項、材料、設備、貨物和技術；

三奢侈品；

（b） 朝鮮應停止出口上文（a）一項和（a）二項所述的一切物項，所有會員國應禁止本國國民從朝鮮，或使用懸掛本國國旗的船隻或飛機，採購此類物項，不論其是否源於朝鮮領土；

（c） 所有會員國應防止本國國民，或從本國領土向朝鮮轉讓，或從朝鮮國民或其領土接受轉讓，任何與提供、製造、維修或使用上文（a）一項和（a）二項所述物項相關的技術培訓、諮詢、服務或援助；

（d） 所有會員國都應根據其各自法律程序，立即凍結本決議通過之日或其後任何時間，在本國領土內的，由委員會或安全理事會指認參與或包括用其他非法手段支持朝鮮核相關、其它大規模殺傷性武器相關和彈道導彈相關計劃的人或實體，或代表其行事或按其指示行事的人或實體，直接或間接擁有或控制的資金、其他金融資產和經濟資源，並確保本國國民或本國領土內的任何人或實體不向此類人員或實體提供或為其利益而提供任何資金、金融資產或經濟資源；

（e） 所有會員國都應採取必要措施，防止委員會或安全理事會指認的對朝鮮的核相關、彈道導彈相關和其他大規模殺傷性武器相關計劃的政策負責，包括支持或推動這些政策的人及其家屬，入境或過境，但本段的規定絕不強迫一國拒絕本國國民入境；

（f） 為確保本段的要求得到遵守進而防止非法販運核、生物或化學武器及其運載工具和相關材料，呼籲所有會員國根據本國當局和立法的規定並遵循國際法採取合作行動，包括需要時對進出朝鮮的貨物進行檢查；

⒐決定上文第8段（d）項的規定不適用於經相關國家認定的下列金融或其他資產或資源：

（a） 基本開支所必需，包括用於支付食品、房租或抵押貸款、藥品和醫療、税款、保險費及水電費，或專門用於支付合理的專業服務費和償付與提供法律服務有關的費用，或國家法律規定的按慣例置存或保管凍結的資金、其他金融資產和經濟資源應收取的費用或服務費，但相關國家須先將酌情授權動用這類資金、其他金融資產和經濟資源的意向通知委員會，且委員會在收到該通知後五個工作日內未作出反對的決定；

（b） 非常開支所必需，但條件是相關國家已先將這一認定通知委員會並得到了委員會的批准，或

（c） 司法、行政、仲裁留置或裁決的對象，在此情況下，這些資金、其他金融資產和經濟資源可用來執行留置或裁決，但該留置或裁決須是在本決議通過之日前作出的，受益人不是上文第8段（d）項所述人員或安全理事會或有關委員會指明的人或實體，且相關國家已將其通報了委員會；

⒑決定上文第8段（e）項規定的措施不適用於以下情況：委員會逐案認定，出於人道主義需要，包括為履行宗教義務之目的，此類旅行是合理的，或委員會認為給予豁免將推進本決議的目標；

⒒籲請所有會員國自本決議通過之日起三十天內向安全理事會報告為有效執行上文第8段規定而採取的步驟；

⒓決定根據其暫行議事規則第二十八條，成立一個由安理會全體成員組成的安全理事會委員會，以開展下列工作：

（a） 設法向所有國家，尤其是生產或擁有上文第8段（a）項所述物項、材料、設備、貨物和技術的國家，索取關於它們為有效執行本決議第8段規定的措施採取行動的信息，以及安理會在這方面可能認為有用的其它任何信息；

（b） 審查據稱違反本決議第8段規定的措施的信息，並採取適當行動；

（c） 審議要求享受上文第9和第10段規定豁免的申請，並作出決定；

（d） 確定為上文第8段（a）一和第8段（a）二項之目的，需要列入的其他物項、材料、設備、貨物和技術；

（e） 指認受上文第8段（d）項和第8段（e）項規定措施約束的其他個人和實體；

（f） 頒佈必要的準則，以協助執行本決議規定的措施，；

（g） 至少每90天向安全理事會報告工作，並提出意見和建議，特別是關於如何加強上文第8段規定措施的效力；

⒔歡迎和進一步鼓勵所有有關國家作出努力，加緊外交努力，不採取任何可能加劇緊張局勢的行動，推動早日恢復六方會談，以期迅速落實中國、朝鮮、日本、大韓民國、俄羅斯聯邦和美國於2005年9月19日發表的《共同聲明》，實現可核查的朝鮮半島無核化，維護朝鮮半島及東北亞的和平與穩定；

⒕籲請朝鮮立即無條件地重返六方會談，努力迅速落實中國、朝鮮、日本、大韓民國、俄羅斯聯邦和美國於2005年9月19日發表的《共同聲明》；

⒖申明安理會將不斷審議朝鮮的行動，並準備審議上文第8段所列措施是否適當，包括屆時視朝鮮遵守本決議各項規定的情況，根據需要，加強、修改、中止或解除這些措施；

⒗強調，如果有必要採取補充措施，則須進一步作出決定；

⒘決定繼續積極處理此案。

“The Security Council,

“Recalling its previous relevant resolutions,including resolution 825 （1993），resolution 1540 （2004） and,in particular,resolution 1695 （2006），as well as the statement of its President of 6 October 2006 （S/PRST/2006/41），

“Reaffirming that proliferation of nuclear,chemical and biological weapons,as well as their means of delivery,constitutes a threat to international peace and security，“Expressing the gravest concern at the claim by the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea （DPRK） that it has conducted a test of a nuclear weapon on 9 October 2006,and at the challenge such a test constitutes to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and to international efforts aimed at strengthening the global regime of non-proliferation of nuclear weapons,and the danger it poses to peace and stability in the region and beyond，“Expressing its firm conviction that the international regime on the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons should be maintained and recalling that the DPRK cannot have the status of a nuclear-weapon state in accordance with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons，“Deploring the DPRK’s announcement of withdrawal from the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and its pursuit of nuclear weapons，“Deploring further that the DPRK has refused to return to the six-party talks without precondition，“Endorsing the Joint Statement issued on 19 September 2005 by China,the DPRK,Japan,the Republic of Korea,the Russian Federation and the United States，“Underlining the importance that the DPRK respond to other security and humanitarian concerns of the international community，“Expressing profound concern that the test claimed by the DPRK has generated increased tension in the region and beyond,and determining therefore that there is a clear threat to international peace and security，“Acting under Chapter Ⅶ of the Charter of the United Nations,and taking measures under its Article 41,

“1. Condemns the nuclear test proclaimed by the DPRK on 9 October 2006 in flagrant disregard of its relevant resolutions,in particular resolution 1695 （2006），as well as of the statement of its President of 6 October 2006 （S/PRST/2006/41），including that such a test would bring universal condemnation of the international community and would represent a clear threat to international peace and security;

“2. Demands that the DPRK not conduct any further nuclear test or launch of a ballistic missile;

“3. Demands that the DPRK immediately retract its announcement of withdrawal from the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons;

“4. Demands further that the DPRK return to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and International Atomic Energy Agency （IAEA） safeguards,and underlines the need for all States Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons to continue to comply with their Treaty obligations;

“5. Decides that the DPRK shall suspend all activities related to its ballistic missile programme and in this context re-establish its pre-existing commitments to a moratorium on missile launching;

“6. Decides that the DPRK shall abandon all nuclear weapons and existing nuclear programmes in a complete,verifiable and irreversible manner,shall act strictly in accordance with the obligations applicable to parties under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and the terms and conditions of its International Atomic Energy Agency （IAEA） Safeguards Agreement （IAEA INFCIRC/403） and shall provide the IAEA transparency measures extending beyond these requirements,including such access to individuals,documentation,equipments and facilities as may be required and deemed necessary by the IAEA;

“7. Decides also that the DPRK shall abandon all other existing weapons of mass destruction and ballistic missile programme in a complete,verifiable and irreversible manner;

“8. Decides that:

（a） all Member States shall prevent the direct or indirect supply,sale or transfer to the DPRK,through their territories or by their nationals,or using their flag vessels or aircraft,and whether or not originating in their territories,of:

（i） any battle tanks,armoured combat vehicles,large calibre artillery systems,combat aircraft,attack helicopters,warships,missiles or missile systems as defined for the purpose of the United Nations Register on Conventional Arms,or related materiel including spare parts,or items as determined by the Security Council or the Committee established by paragraph 12 below （the Committee）;

（ii） all items,materials,equipment,goods and technology as set out in the lists in documents S/2006/814 and S/2006/815,unless within 14 days of adoption of this resolution the Committee has amended or completed their provisions also taking into account the list in document S/2006/816,as well as other items,materials,equipment,goods and technology,determined by the Security Council or the Committee,which could contribute to DPRK’s nuclear-related,ballistic missile-related or other weapons of mass destruction-related programmes;

（iii）luxury goods;

（b） the DPRK shall cease the export of all items covered in subparagraphs （a） （i） and （a） （ii） above and that all Member States shall prohibit the procurement of such items from the DPRK by their nationals,or using their flagged vessels or aircraft,and whether or not originating in the territory of the DPRK;

I all Member States shall prevent any transfers to the DPRK by their nationals or from their territories,or from the DPRK by its nationals or from its territory,of technical training,advice,services or assistance related to the provision,manufacture,maintenance or use of the items in subparagraphs （a） （i） and （a） （ii） above;

（d） all Member States shall,in accordance with their respective legal processes,freeze immediately the funds,other financial assets and economic resources which are on their territories at the date of the adoption of this resolution or at any time thereafter,that are owned or controlled,directly or indirectly,by the persons or entities designated by the Committee or by the Security Council as being engaged in or providing support for,including through other illicit means,DPRK’s nuclear-related,other weapons of mass destruction-related and ballistic missile-related programmes,or by persons or entities acting on their behalf or at their direction,and ensure that any funds,financial assets or economic resources are prevented from being made available by their nationals or by any persons or entities within their territories,to or for the benefit of such persons or entities;

（e） all Member States shall take the necessary steps to prevent the entry into or transit through their territories of the persons designated by the Committee or by the Security Council as being responsible for,including through supporting or promoting,DPRK policies in relation to the DPRK’s nuclear-related,ballistic missile-related and other weapons of mass destruction-related programmes,together with their family members,provided that nothing in this paragraph shall oblige a state to refuse its own nationals entry into its territory;

（f） in order to ensure compliance with the requirements of this paragraph,and thereby preventing illicit trafficking in nuclear,chemical or biological weapons,their means of delivery and related materials,all Member States are called upon to take,in accordance with their national authorities and legislation,and consistent with international law,cooperative action including through inspection of cargo to and from the DPRK,as necessary;

“9. Decides that the provisions of paragraph 8 （d） above do not apply to financial or other assets or resources that have been determined by relevant States:

（a） to be necessary for basic expenses,including payment for foodstuffs,rent or mortgage,medicines and medical treatment,taxes,insurance premiums,and public utility charges,or exclusively for payment of reasonable professional fees and reimbursement of incurred expenses associated with the provision of legal services,or fees or service charges,in accordance with national laws,for routine holding or maintenance of frozen funds,other financial assets and economic resources,after notification by the relevant States to the Committee of the intention to authorize,where appropriate,access to such funds,other financial assets and economic resources and in the absence of a negative decision by the Committee within five working days of such notification;

（b） to be necessary for extraordinary expenses,provided that such determination has been notified by the relevant States to the Committee and has been approved by the Committee; or I to be subject of a judicial,administrative or arbitral lien or judgement,in which case the funds,other financial assets and economic resources may be used to satisfy that lien or judgement provided that the lien or judgement was entered prior to the date of the present resolution,is not for the benefit of a person referred to in paragraph 8 （d） above or an individual or entity identified by the Security Council or the Committee,and has been notified by the relevant States to the Committee;

“10. Decides that the measures imposed by paragraph 8 （e） above shall not apply where the Committee determines on a case-by-case basis that such travel is justified on the grounds of humanitarian need,including religious obligations,or where the Committee concludes that an exemption would otherwise further the objectives of the present resolution;

“11. Calls upon all Member States to report to the Security Council within thirty days of the adoption of this resolution on the steps they have taken with a view to implementing effectively the provisions of paragraph 8 above;

“12. Decides to establish,in accordance with rule 28 of its provisional rules of procedure,a Committee of the Security Council consisting of all the members of the Council,to undertake the following tasks:

（a） to seek from all States,in particular those producing or possessing the items,materials,equipment,goods and technology referred to in paragraph 8 （a） above,information regarding the actions taken by them to implement effectively the measures imposed by paragraph 8 above of this resolution and whatever further information it may consider useful in this regard;

（b） to examine and take appropriate action on information regarding alleged violations of measures imposed by paragraph 8 of this resolution;

I to consider and decide upon requests for exemptions set out in paragraphs 9 and 10 above;

（d） to determine additional items,materials,equipment,goods and technology to be specified for the purpose of paragraphs 8 （a） （i） and 8 （a） （ii） above;

（e） to designate additional individuals and entities subject to the measures imposed by paragraphs 8 （d） and 8 （e） above;

（f） to promulgate guidelines as may be necessary to facilitate the implementation of the measures imposed by this resolution;

（g） to report at least every 90 days to the Security Council on its work,with its observations and recommendations,in particular on ways to strengthen the effectiveness of the measures imposed by paragraph 8 above;

“13. Welcomes and encourages further the efforts by all States concerned to intensify their diplomatic efforts,to refrain from any actions that might aggravate tension and to facilitate the early resumption of the six-party talks,with a view to the expeditious implementation of the Joint Statement issued on 19 September 2005 by China,the DPRK,Japan,the Republic of Korea,the Russian Federation and the United States,to achieve the verifiable denuclearization of the Korean peninsula and to maintain peace and stability on the Korean peninsula and in North-East Asia;

“14. Calls upon the DPRK to return immediately to the six-party talks without precondition and to work towards the expeditious implementation of the Joint Statement issued on 19 September 2005 by China,the DPRK,Japan,the Republic of Korea,the Russian Federation and the United States;

“15. Affirms that it shall keep DPRK’s actions under continuous review and that it shall be prepared to review the appropriateness of the measures contained in paragraph 8 above,including the strengthening,modification,suspension or lifting of the measures,as may be needed at that time in light of the DPRK’s compliance with the provisions of the resolution;

“16. Underlines that further decisions will be required,should additional measures be necessary;

“17. Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.”

--------------------------------------