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後綴
鎖定
後綴名詞解釋
後綴是置於單詞或詞幹後用於構成新詞的一個或一組音節。也就是説,用作一種詞類的詞,例如名詞經添加後綴之後可以轉變為不同的詞類,例如形容詞。
後綴漢語後綴
後綴不改變詞性
代詞的後綴:當(吾當)
[6]
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複數後綴(用於名詞或代詞):們。
後綴改變詞性
後綴英語後綴
後綴名詞
常見的此類後綴及其具體含義如下:
- -ster,-eer,-er(or) 意為:從事某種職業或參與某種活動的人(person engaged in an occupation or activity)例詞:gamester,gangster,songster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer,auctioneer,driver,teacher,director,actor,professor
- -let 意為:小或者不重要的東西(small,unimportant things)例詞:booklet,leaflet,starlet
- -ette 意為:(1)小的東西(small)例詞:cigarette (2)假的東西(imitation)例詞:leatherette,usherette
- -ess 意為:女性(female)例詞:actress,poetess,hostess,paintress
- -hood 意為:時期(status;etc.)例詞:boyhood,childhood,manhood
- -ship 意為:才能,狀態,資格,品質等(skill,state,condition,status,quality)例詞:leadership,friendship,membership,lectureship,sportsmanship
- -ful 意為:量(the amount which noun contains)例詞:cupful,handful, mouthful,spoonful
- -tion,-ion 意為:(1)狀態,行動等(state;action;etc.)例詞:action,oppression,possession,education,starva- tion (2)機構等(institution;etc.)例詞: organization,foundation
- -ment 意為:狀態,行動等(state; action;etc.)例詞:movement,enslavement,pavement
- -al 意為:動作(action)例詞:arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal
- -age 意為:程度,數量等(extent; amount;etc.)例詞:wastage,coverage, acreage,shrinkage,breakage,hostage
- -ness;-ity(ty) 意為:狀態,品質(state;quality;etc.)例詞:happiness, usefulness,selfishness,kindness,rapidity,activity,sanity,changeability
- -ism 意為:道義,學説等(doctrine of,practice of)例詞:idealism, impressionism,absenteeism,racism
- -ist意為:擁護某種主義的人,某種學科專家等(the person who support the doctrine,the person who is good at the practice)例詞:idealist, impressionist,absenteeist,racist
後綴動詞
使一個詞變為動詞的後綴。
常見的此類後綴及其具體含義如下:
- -ify 意為:轉為,變為(to turn into,to make or become)例詞:beautify, diversify,simplify
- -ize;-en 意為:使……,變得……(to make or become ;to make into)例詞:modernize,popularize,legalize,hospitalize,symbolize,ripen,widen,heighten,threaten
- -ate 意為:增加,使……聽寫(give or add,make or become)例詞:originate, hydrogenate,validate,differentiate
後綴形容詞
常見的此類後綴及其具體含義如下:
- -ful 意為:充滿,有(full of;hav- ing;giving;etc.)例詞:useful,pitiful, hopeful,careful,helpful,forgetful,thankful, fearful
- -less 意為:沒有,無(without;not giving)例詞:speechless,childless,harmless,hopeless,meaningless ,homeless
- -ly 意為:有……品質的(having the qualities of)例詞:beastly,manly, brotherly,friendly
- -like 意為:像……的(like)例詞: childlike,statesmanlike,tiger-like
- -y;-ish 意為:像……一般的(somewhat like)例詞:meaty,sandy, silky,hairy,leafy,watery,foolish,girlish,blackish,thinnish
- -some 意為:像……一樣的;引起……的;有……品質的(like;causing; having the quality of)例詞:troublesome,burdensome,wholesome,tiresome,bothersome
- -able(ible) 意為:能……的;可以……的(able to be ;capable)例詞: changeable,reliable,readable,drinkable,comfortable,expansible,convincible
- -ed 意為:有……的(having,etc.)例詞:wooded,pointed,moneyed, odd-shaped
- -al 意為:有……屬性的,……類型的(nature of,typical of)例詞:cultural,personal,regional,musical
- -ary(ory) 意為:屬於……的,與……相連的(belonging to;connected with)例詞:revolutionary,imaginary, contradictory
- -ous 意為:富含……的;有……品質的;像……的(full of;having the quality of;like)例詞:glorious,erroneous,malicious,gracious,dangerous
- -ic(ical) 意為:……類的;屬於……的(typical of;belonging to)例詞: historic,historical,methodic,methodical,dramatic,heroic
- -ive 意為:有……屬性的;有某種傾向的(having the nature or quality of;given or tending to)例詞:attractive, talkative,restrictive,defensive,preventive,constructive,sensitive
後綴副詞
常見的此類後綴及其具體含義如下:
- -ly 意為:以……方式(in a...manner;etc.)例詞:happily, boldly,attentive- ly,strangely
- -ward(s) 意為:表示方式或動作的方向(manner and direction of movement)例詞:onward(s),backward(s),earthward(s),homeward(s),eastward(s)
- -wise 意為:(1)按照……方式(in the manner of)例詞:crabwise,clockwise (2) 就……而言(as far as...is concerned)例詞:weatherwise ,educationwise
- 參考資料
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- 1. 乎的解釋|乎的意思|漢典“乎”字的基本解釋 .漢典[引用日期2021-10-26]
- 2. 於的解釋|於的意思|漢典“於”字的基本解釋 .漢典[引用日期2021-10-26]
- 3. 以的解釋|以的意思|漢典“以”字的基本解釋 .漢典[引用日期2021-10-26]
- 4. 頭的解釋|頭的意思|漢典“頭”字的基本解釋 .漢典[引用日期2021-10-26]
- 5. 子的解釋|子的意思|漢典“子”字的基本解釋 .漢典[引用日期2021-10-26]
- 6. 當的解釋|當的意思|漢典“當”字的基本解釋 .漢典[引用日期2021-10-26]
- 7. 氣的解釋|氣的意思|漢典“氣”字的基本解釋 .漢典[引用日期2021-10-26]
- 8. 化的解釋|化的意思|漢典“化”字的基本解釋 .漢典[引用日期2021-10-26]
- 9. 家的解釋|家的意思|漢典“家”字的基本解釋 .漢典[引用日期2021-10-26]
- 10. 性的解釋|性的意思|漢典“性”字的基本解釋 .漢典[引用日期2021-10-26]
- 11. 為的解釋|為的意思|漢典“為”字的基本解釋 .漢典[引用日期2021-10-26]
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