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伊莎貝拉
（英國作家約翰·濟慈的著名長詩伊莎貝拉）
鎖定
濟慈的這篇《伊莎貝拉》取材於《十日談》中第四日的第五個故事，情節框架與原作基本相同，個別地方略有出入：主人公原名伊莎貝達；原有三個哥哥，被改為兩個；三兄弟原為怕家醜外揚而謀殺羅倫佐，被改為女主人公的哥哥原打算把妹妹嫁給一名貴族，眼看此計將落空，於是起了殺心；原來知情的女僕被改為事先並不知情的保姆；事情發生的地點原為墨西拿（在西西里島），被改為佛羅倫薩。濟慈豐富了許多細節，特別是女主人公的心理刻畫，加以詩的創造。詩中第14、15、16節，描寫兩個哥哥靠殘酷剝削工人而成為鉅富，深刻描繪了被剝削者的悲慘處境，這是濟慈添加上去的。愛爾蘭作家蕭伯納曾指出，這幾節詩中所寫的場景集中表現了馬克思在《資本論》中有關資本剝削的原理。
[1]
英國詩人濟慈生前發表的第三部也是最後一部詩集,於一八二○年七月出版,那時他的年齡不足二十五歲.再過七個月,他就因肺病惡化而不幸去世了.這部集子包含敍事詩《萊米亞》、《伊莎貝拉》、《聖阿格尼斯節前夕》,較長的抒情詩、特別是“頌歌”,還有史詩片斷《海庇裏恩》.這些充分表現濟慈獨特風格的詩篇,明顯超過他自己以前的作品;他的才力更大了,藝術更精純了.
[2]
伊莎貝拉是一個美麗善良的姑娘，她愛上了一個叫羅倫索的窮苦青年，她的兄弟把羅倫索殺了。她在森林裏找到了情人的頭顱，並把它帶回來埋在花盆裏，種上羅勒花，每天用眼淚來澆灌它。
- 作品名稱
- 伊莎貝爾
- 外文名
- Isabel
- 作 者
- 約翰·濟慈
- 創作年代
- 1820年
- 作品出處
- 《十日談》
- 文學體裁
- 詩歌
羅倫佐，愛神眼裏朝聖的年輕人！ Lorenzo, a young palmer in Love’s eye!
他們兩人在同一所華屋裏居住， They could not in the self-same mansion dwell
怎能不心頭騷動，思戀成病； Without some stir of heart, some malady;
他們坐下來進餐，只要相互 They could not sit at meals but feel how well
偎依在一起，怎能不感到稱心； It soothed each to be the other by;
確實，他們在同一屋頂下入睡， They could not, sure, beneath the same roof sleep
怎能不夢見對方，夜夜流淚。 But to each other dream, and nightly weep.
2
每天早晨，他們的柔情更濃， With every morn their love grew tenderer,
每天傍晚，他們的痴情更深； With every eve deeper and tenderer still;
他無論在屋裏、田間、園中走動， He might not in house, field, or garden stir,
眼睛裏見到的全是她的倩影 But her full shape would all his seeing fill;
他情意綿綿的嗓音在她的耳中 And his continual voice was pleasanter
比樹葉蕭蕭、幽泉潺潺更動聽； To her, than noise of trees or hidden rill;
她因這名字亂了手中的針黹。 She spoilt her half-done broidery with the name.
3
他知道誰的柔手按上了門閂， He knew whose gentle hand was at the latch,
不等門開把她推送到眼前； Before the door had given her to his eyes;
他能夠從她的閨房的窗口窺見 And from her chamber-window he would catch
她美的姿容，比鷹眼看得更遠 Her beauty farther than the falcon spies;
他守望，像她的晚禱，持常不變， And constant as her vespers would he watch,
因為她的臉仰望同一片蒼天； Because her face was turn’d to the same skies;
他熬過漫漫長夜，苦苦地盼望 And with sick longing all the night outwear,
聽她早起下樓的腳步聲踏響。 To hear her morning-step upon the stair.
4
漫長的五月，經歷了痛苦的相思， A whole long month of May in this sad plight
六月來臨，他們的臉色更蒼白； Made their cheeks paler by the break of June:
“明天我要向我的所歡屈膝， To morrow will I bow to my delight,
明天我要向情人懇求青睞。”—— To-morrow will I ask my lady’s boon.» -
“啊，羅倫佐，我願在今夜死去， O may I never see another night,
如果你不把愛的歌曲唱出來。”—— Lorenzo, if thy lips breathe not love’s tune.» -
他們只對着枕頭這樣説：唉！ So spake they to their pillows; but, alas,
苦澀的日子他一天一天地挨； Honeyless days and days did he let pass;
5
伊莎貝拉的沒被碰過的嫩頰 Until sweet Isabella’s untouch’d cheek
本該紅撲撲，現在卻一臉病容 Fell sick within the rose’s just domain,
清瘦得就像年輕的母親，當她 Fell thin as a young mother’s, who doth seek
想用搖籃歌減輕嬰兒的病痛： By every lull to cool her infant’s pain:
“她多麼苦惱，”他説，“我不該説話， How ill she is, said he, I may not speak,
但我想坦率告訴她我愛在心中 And yet I will, and tell my love all plain:
假如眉目能傳情，我要飲她的淚， If looks speak love-laws, I will drink her tears,
至少這能夠把她的憂煩斥退。” And at the least ’twill startle off her cares.
6
一天清晨他這樣自語着，整日 So said he one fair morning, and all day
他的心在撞擊胸膛，猛烈跳動 His heart beat awfully against his side;
他暗暗向心靈祈禱，希望自己 And to his heart he inwardly did pray
有膽量表白，但是他熱血奔湧， For power to speak; but still the ruddy tide
窒息了嗓音，把決心再次推遲—— Stifled his voice, and puls’d resolve away -
雖然對新娘的思念燃燒在胸中， Fever’d his high conceit of such a bride,
但隨之而來的是孩子般的膽怯： Yet brought him to the meekness of a child:
可嘆！熱戀是這般膽怯又狂野！ Alas! when passion is both meek and wild!
7
假如伊莎貝爾的鋭眼沒領悟 So once more he had wak’d and anguished
他的前額透露的每一個徵兆， A dreary night of love and misery,
他就會再次失眠，內心痛苦 If Isabel’s quick eye had not been wed
捱過相思的長夜，悽楚煩惱； To every symbol on his forehead high;
她見他額頭蒼白，表情僵木， She saw it waxing very pale and dead,
立刻羞紅了面頰，柔聲説道， And straight all flush’d; so, lisped tenderly,
“羅倫佐！”——她欲語又止，想問又怯 Lorenzo!- here she ceas’d her timid quest,
他卻從她的音容明白了一切。 But in her tone and look he read the rest.
8
“啊，伊莎貝拉，我只有一半把握—— O Isabella, I can half perceive
我可以把我的痛苦説給你聽； That I may speak my grief into thine ear;
假如你相信過什麼事情，那麼 If thou didst ever any thing believe,
請相信我多麼愛你，我的靈魂 Believe how I love thee, believe how near
已臨近毀滅：我不用唐突地緊握 My soul is to its doom: I would not grieve
來壓痛你的手，不用大膽緊盯 Thy hand by unwelcome pressing, would not fear
來冒犯你的眼；但我活不過今晚 Thine eyes by gazing; but I cannot live
如果我不把滿腔的情愫傾瀉！ Another night, and not my passion shrive.
9
“我愛！你在指導我走出嚴寒， Love! thou art leading me from wintry cold,
姑娘！你在指引我奔向盛夏， Lady! thou leadest me to summer clime,
我定要品嚐一朵朵沐着温暖、 And I must taste the blossoms that unfold
迎着美麗的晨光開放的鮮花。” In its ripe warmth this gracious morning time.
他原先羞怯的嘴唇如詩韻成對相押： And poesied with hers in dewy rhyme:
他們感到無比的幸福和愉快， Great bliss was with them, and great happiness
歡樂如六月撫育的鮮花盛開。 Grew, like a lusty flower in June’s caress.
10
告別時刻，他們高興得飄飄然， Parting they seem’d to tread upon the air,
一對被和風吹散的並蒂玫瑰 Twin roses by the zephyr blown apart
準備更加親密地合攏成一片， Only to meet again more close, and share
把對方內心的芳馨吸取，融匯。 The inward fragrance of each other’s heart.
她走向閨房，吟着優美的詩篇， She, to her chamber gone, a ditty fair
歌唱愛情的美妙，被愛的欣慰； Sang, of delicious love and honey’d dart;
他踏着輕快地腳步登上西山， He with light steps went up a western hill,
向太陽告別，心裏充滿了喜歡。 And bade the sun farewell, and joy’d his fill.
英國詩人濟慈生前發表的第三部也是最後一部詩集,於一八二0年七月出版,那時他的年齡不足二十五歲。再過七個月,他就因肺病惡化而不幸去世了。這部集子包含敍事詩《萊米亞》、《伊莎貝拉》、’聖阿格尼斯節前夕,較長的抒情詩、特別是“頌歌”,還有史詩片斷一海庇裏恩。
[1]
- 參考資料
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- 1. 美麗的伊莎貝拉與恐怖的哥特小説——談哥特小説對濟慈敍事詩《伊莎貝拉》的影響 ．知網[引用日期2015-05-02]
- 2. 濟慈敍事詩《伊莎貝拉》的分析研究 ．中國知網[引用日期2015-05-02]
- 3. 伊莎貝拉---濟慈 ．豆瓣[引用日期2015-05-02]
