張力

2018.12至今 北京腦科學與類腦研究中心，基因組學中心主任&計算中心主任 ^[1] 

2018.03-2018.11 耶魯大學醫學院遺傳系，研究科學家

2017.03-2017.12 芝加哥大學演化與遺傳系，研究科學家

達爾文演化的核心是選擇找出並保留適應性突變。當好壞突變連鎖時，選擇無法有效找出適應性突變，積累新基因。性重組在動植物中打破了好壞突變連鎖，加速了基因演化。同理，適應性免疫起源於早期脊椎動物，打破了好壞細胞的連鎖，從而加速了脊椎動物的細胞演化。細胞演化的直接產物是細胞類型多樣化，細胞類型實質對應調控序列演化，是動物演化的主要驅動力。人類智力是脊椎動物的重要創新，極可能是細胞演化的產物。

基於既往工作衍生的理論框架，未來五年將研究新細胞類型對智力演化的貢獻。通過單細胞測序技術比較果蠅近緣物種全腦細胞類型，鑑定新細胞類型，研究其對智力的影響。果蠅不是脊椎動物，但是新蛋白數量同樣稀少。該研究會對細胞演化的概念創新提供有效支撐，且指向一個極其重要的問題——智力演化。

該研究需要建立高質量的單細胞測序技術平台，但更為重要的是要在概念上解決什麼是細胞類型。最清晰的辦法是通過物種間保守性來區分噪音。此前新基因領域的工作基礎可以通過等位基因映射，將物種間比較分析虛擬化為“單一”物種分析，迅速建立多物種細胞類型比較方法。

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