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垂頭菊屬
鎖定
垂頭菊屬植物為多年生草本,根莖極短,頂端具1個由不育莖發育而成的蓮座狀叢生葉,基部具肉質、須狀的根系,稀無短根莖及蓮座狀叢生葉。
垂頭菊屬特徵描述
莖自蓮座狀叢生葉的外圍葉腋中抽出,單生或數個叢生,通常呈花葶狀,當年死亡。葉大部或全部基生
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,心形或腎形,有齒缺,叢生葉及莖基部葉具柄,柄基部鞘狀,葉片具掌狀、羽狀或平行脈;莖生葉苞葉狀,少或多數,基部有鞘或無鞘。頭狀花序單生或多數,排列成總狀花序,下垂,輻射狀或盤狀
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,異性,單生於一葉或具1-2葉或有苞片的花莖上,常彎垂,黃色或淡粉紅色。總苞半球形,基部近圓形,僅個別種為寬鐘形,基部具小外苞片,苞片線形,稀寬卵形或橢圓形,草質或膜質。總苞片常2層,覆瓦狀排列,基部不合生,外層較狹,內層較寬,常具膜質邊緣,或1層,基部合生成淺杯狀,等寬或近於等寬,全部總苞片先端被睫毛,背部光滑或有毛。花托平坦,裸露。邊花舌狀,1層,雌性,結實,舌片通常極為發達,形狀多樣,長為總苞的數倍,稀不發達,或不存在。中央花多數,管狀,兩性,結實,花冠有明顯的檐部與管部之分,管部較短;花葯基部鈍;花柱分枝扁平,先端鈍圓或鈍三角形,具乳突或乳突狀毛。冠毛存在,糙毛狀,與管狀花花冠等長或較短,稀缺如
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。盤花管狀,兩性,結實;總苞鍾狀或半球形,總苞片1列,膜質;瘦果5-10稜;冠毛豐富,白色或淡紅色。瘦果無喙,具肋,光滑。
垂頭菊屬產地生境
屬模式種:垂頭菊C. reniforme (DC.) Benth
相關:
垂頭菊屬(5張)
垂頭菊屬下級分類
組 | 系 | 種 |
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Ser. Calcicola Ling et S. W. Liu | 黑垂頭菊 Cremanthodium atrocapitatum 長鞘垂頭菊 Cremanthodium calcicola 兜鞘垂頭菊 Cremanthodium cucullatum | |
Ser. Campanulata Ling et S. W. Liu | 鍾花垂頭菊 Cremanthodium campanulatum 裂葉垂頭菊 Cremanthodium pinnatisectum | |
Ser. Cremanthodium | 珠芽垂頭菊 Cremanthodium bulbilliferum 紅花垂頭菊 Cremanthodium farreri 掌葉垂頭菊 Cremanthodium palmatum 葉狀柄垂頭菊 Cremanthodium phyllodineum 垂頭菊 Cremanthodium reniforme 長柱垂頭菊 Cremanthodium rhodocephalum 叉舌垂頭菊 Cremanthodium thomsonii | |
Ser. Decaisneana Ling et S. W. Liu | 檸檬色垂頭菊 Cremanthodium citriflorum 喜馬拉雅垂頭菊 Cremanthodium decaisnei 美麗垂頭菊 Cremanthodium pulchrum 紫莖垂頭菊 Cremanthodium smithianum 狹舌垂頭菊 Cremanthodium stenoglossum | |
- | 狹葉垂頭菊Cremanthodium angustifolium W. W. Smith 不丹垂頭菊Cremanthodium bhutanicum Ludlow 褐毛垂頭菊Cremanthodium brunneopiloesum S. W. Liu 錯那垂頭菊Cremanthodium conaense S. W. Liu 條葉垂頭菊Cremanthodium lineare Maxim. 膜苞垂頭菊Cremanthodium stenactinium Diels ex Limpr. | |
Ser. Cuneata Ling et S. W. Liu | 細裂垂頭菊 Cremanthodium dissectum 矢葉垂頭菊 Cremanthodium forrestii 羽裂垂頭菊 Cremanthodium pinnatifidum 鏟葉垂頭菊 Cremanthodium sino-oblongatum Good 裂舌垂頭菊 Cremanthodium trilobum | |
Ser. Glauca Ling et S. W. Liu | 總狀垂頭菊 Cremanthodium botryocephalum 短纓垂頭菊 Cremanthodium brachychaetum 柴胡葉垂頭菊 Cremanthodium bupleurifolium 灰綠垂頭菊 Cremanthodium glaucum 向日垂頭菊 Cremanthodium helianthus 舌葉垂頭菊 Cremanthodium lingulatum 匙葉垂頭菊 Cremanthodium spathulifolium 木裏垂頭菊 Cremanthodium suave 亞東垂頭菊 Cremanthodium yadongense | |
Ser. Oblongata Ling et S. W. Liu | 寬舌垂頭菊 Cremanthodium arnicoides 中甸垂頭菊 Cremanthodium chungtienense 革葉垂頭菊 Cremanthodium coriaceum 仙客來垂頭菊 Cremanthodium cyclaminanthum 稻城垂頭菊 Cremanthodium daochengense 大理垂頭菊 Cremanthodium delavayi 盤花垂頭菊 Cremanthodium discoideum 車前狀垂頭菊 Cremanthodium ellisii 腺毛垂頭菊 Cremanthodium glandulipilosum 矮垂頭菊 Cremanthodium humile 條裂垂頭菊 Cremanthodium laciniatum 小葉垂頭菊 Cremanthodium microphyllum 小垂頭菊 Cremanthodium nanum 尼泊爾垂頭菊 Cremanthodium nepalense 顯脈垂頭菊 Cremanthodium nervosum 壯觀垂頭菊 Cremanthodium nobile 矩葉垂頭菊 Cremanthodium oblongatum 碩首垂頭菊 Cremanthodium obovatum 長柄垂頭菊 Cremanthodium petiolatum 戟葉垂頭菊 Cremanthodium potaninii 長舌垂頭菊 Cremanthodium prattii 方葉垂頭菊 Cremanthodium principis 無毛垂頭菊 Cremanthodium pseudo-oblongatum Good 毛葉垂頭菊 Cremanthodium puberulum 紫葉垂頭菊 Cremanthodium purpureifolium 箭葉垂頭菊 Cremanthodium sagittifolium 變葉垂頭菊 Cremanthodium variifolium |
- 參考資料
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- 1. 垂頭菊屬 Cremanthodium Benth. .中國植物物種信息數據庫[引用日期2013-02-01]
- 2. 垂頭菊屬 .植物智[引用日期2019-12-19]