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REF 2014 英國大學官方排名
鎖定
英國大學官方評估排名(Research Excellence Framework, REF)是英國官方評價英國大學和科研機構學術研究水平的新系統,其前身為RAE2014。新的的REF結果發佈於2014年12月18日。
REF由英國的四個高等教育撥款機構承擔, 分別是英格蘭高等教育撥款委員會(HEFCE)
[2]
,蘇格蘭高等教育撥款委員會(SFC)
[3]
,威爾士高等教育撥款委員會(HEFCW)
[4]
和北愛爾蘭經濟部(DfE)
[5]
。
- 中文名
- REF 2014 英國大學官方排名
- 外文名
- Research Excellence Framework 2014
- 簡 稱
- REF 2014
- 發佈時間
- 2014年12月18日
- 前 身
- RAE2008
- 作 用
- 直接決定政府為各大學研究經費的撥款數額
目錄
REF 2014 英國大學官方排名簡介
英國政府曾每七年左右組織一次大學科研水平評估(Research Assessment Exercise,簡稱RAE)。RAE作為英國權威度最高的大學排名,在很大程度上不僅説明了一個大學的綜合實力,甚至直接左右了一個英國大學能獲得的研究經費多少。英國大學其實並不十分重視各媒體或者報紙的排名,但對於RAE的評分高低卻異常重視。RAE評分在學校經費、研究水平、頂尖學者數量上的影響至關重要。最近一次的RAE排名是在2008年。
2014年12月18日,英國官方發佈了研究卓越框架(Research Excellence Framework,簡稱REF)結果,其取代了科研水平評估(RAE)。英國研究卓越框架(REF)是英國政府資助機構用來評價本國高等院校科學研究項目質量的一個新的行動計劃,其評估重點是科學研究項目的產出、影響以及環境三個要素,其結果將決定未來六年英國各高等院校從英國政府資助機構所獲得的研究經費數量。
REF官方並沒有直接給出各大學的整體排名
[6]
,對於各大學的排名,目前有主要有兩家媒體給出了具體排名的統計結果,分別是泰晤士高等教育(THE)和衞報(Guardian)
[7-8]
;而排名方式則主要有Research Power排名,Research GPA排名和Research Intensity排名。
Research Power排名指英國各大學的科研力量,在此排名中,world-leading級別的學科、論文以及教師越多,則科研力量一般也越大,因為直接決定了科研經費撥款的數量,也是大學最為看重的指標。
而Research GPA排名以各大學的平均科研質量為排名,world-leading級別的學科、論文以及教師佔比越高,則排名越高,Research Intensity則更進一步考慮到了REF評審的教師的比例。
REF 2014 英國大學官方排名G5超級精英大學排名
- | ||||
Total Submission | 2566 | 2409 | 2088 | 1257 |
world-leading | 1103 | 1156 | 981 | 578 |
internationally excellent | 1001 | 940 | 835 | 553 |
world-leading(%) | 43% | 48% | 47% | 46% |
internationally excellent(%) | 39% | 39% | 40% | 44% |
Research Power | 8261 | 8047 | 6952 | 4224 |
Research GPA | 3.22 | 3.34 | 3.33 | 3.36 |
- 倫敦大學學院提交評審的2566個研究成果裏,43% 即約1103個被認為是world-leading級別,39% 即約1001個被認為是internationally excellent級別。
- 牛津大學提交評審的2409個研究成果裏,48% 即約1156個被認為是world-leading級別,39% 即約940個被認為是internationally excellent級別。
- 劍橋大學提交評審的2088個研究成果裏,47% 即約981個被認為是world-leading級別,40% 即約835個被認為是internationally excellent級別。
- 帝國理工學院提交評審的1257個研究成果裏,46% 即約578個被認為是world-leading級別,44% 即約553個被認為是internationally excellent級別。
Research Power排名中,倫敦大學學院>牛津大學>劍橋大學>帝國理工學院,因為倫敦大學學院擁有1103個world-leading級別的成果與1001個internationally excellent級別的研究成果,絕對數高於所有學校;而牛津大學也擁有1156個world-leading級別的成果與940個internationally excellent級別的研究成果,這幾乎是帝國理工學院的兩倍,説明倫敦大學學院和牛津大學學術實力雄厚。
基於REF的Research Power評估結果,倫敦大學學院和牛津大學在隨後的2015年分別獲得英國政府1.71億
[9]
和1.39億
[10]
英鎊的研究經費撥款,這也是英國高校所獲最高和第二高的研究經費撥款,而劍橋大學和帝國理工學院當年所獲的研究經費撥款分別為1.20億英鎊和0.94英鎊。直到2019年,倫敦大學學院和牛津大學獲得1.54億英鎊
[11]
和1.56億英鎊
[12]
研究經費撥款,依然領先於劍橋大學和帝國理工學院當年所獲的1.36億
[13]
英鎊和1.03億英鎊
[14]
。
Research GPA排名中:帝國理工學院>牛津大學>劍橋大學>倫敦大學學院,因為帝國理工學院world-leading與internationally excellent比例高於劍橋大學和牛津大學,這説明帝國理工學院的學科總體來講比較精煉。
REF 2014 英國大學官方排名基本簡介
(THE統計結果)
以下為泰晤士高等教育(Times Higher Education,簡稱THE)統計後給出的REF科研水平(Resaerch Power)綜合排名前五十
[7]
:
2014Rank | Institution | 高等教育機構(中文) | 2008Rank | Research power |
1 | University College London | 4 | 8261 | |
2 | University of Oxford | 1 | 8047 | |
3 | University of Cambridge | 2 | 6952 | |
4 | University of Edinburgh | 5 | 5575 | |
5 | University of Manchester | 3 | 4933 | |
6 | King’s College London | 11 | 4422 | |
7 | University of Nottingham | 6 | 4340 | |
8 | Imperial College London | 7 | 4223 | |
9 | University of Bristol | 10 | 3618 | |
10 | University of Leeds | 8 | 3597 | |
11 | University of Southampton | 14 | 3506 | |
12 | University of Glasgow | 13 | 3408 | |
13 | University of Sheffield | 9 | 3307 | |
14 | University of Birmingham | 12 | 3271 | |
15 | University of Warwick | 16 | 2997 | |
16 | Newcastle University | 17 | 2744 | |
17 | Queen’s University Belfast | 20 | 2596 | |
18 | Cardiff University | 15 | 2412 | |
19 | University of Liverpool | 18 | 2325 | |
20 | Durham University | 19 | 2325 | |
21 | University of Exeter | 25 | 2267 | |
22 | Queen Mary University of London | 21 | 2133 | |
23 | University of York | 22 | 2038 | |
24 | University of Leicester | 23 | 1968 | |
25 | Loughborough University | 24 | 1905 | |
26 | Lancaster University | 26 | 1826 | |
27 | University of Reading | 27 | 1788 | |
28 | London School of Economics and Political Science | 29 | 1783 | |
29 | University of Aberdeen | 28 | 1774 | |
30 | University of Kent | 30 | 1744 | |
31 | University of Strathclyde | 30 | 1696 | |
32 | University of St Andrews | 32 | 1623 | |
33 | Brunel University London | 37 | 1540 | |
34 | University of Sussex | 31 | 1507 | |
35 | University of Bath | 35 | 1463 | |
36 | University of East Anglia | 33 | 1415 | |
37 | University of Surrey | 42 | 1367 | |
38 | Ulster University | 38 | 1306 | |
39 | University of Dundee | 34 | 1199 | |
40 | Royal Holloway, University of London | 39 | 1168 | |
41 | The Open University | 41 | 1153 | |
42 | Swansea University | 36 | 1142 | |
43 | City University London | 45 | 1116 | |
44 | Heriot-Watt University | 46 | 1078 | |
45 | University of Essex | 44 | 1034 | |
46 | London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London | 59 | 1004 | |
47 | Plymouth University | 47 | 1003 | |
48 | Birkbeck, University of London | 48 | 973 | |
49 | University of Hull | 43 | 960 | |
50 | Northumbria University | 80 | 929 |
REF 2014 英國大學官方排名Resaerch Power
(衞報統計結果)
以下為衞報(Guardian)統計後給出的REF科研水平(Resaerch Power)綜合排名前五十
[8]
:
RF power rank | 2008 Rank | Institution | Number of departments | RF power rating |
1 | 1 | Oxford | 31 | 100 |
2 | 3 | UCL | 36 | 97.3 |
3 | 2 | Cambridge | 32 | 85.5 |
4 | 5 | Edinburgh | 31 | 62.6 |
5 | 4 | Manchester | 35 | 54.1 |
6 | 6 | Imperial | 14 | 52.2 |
7 | 11 | KCL | 27 | 51.3 |
8 | 7 | Nottingham | 32 | 45.6 |
9 | 10 | Bristol | 31 | 40 |
10 | 8 | Leeds | 33 | 38.4 |
11 | 13 | Southampton | 26 | 37.8 |
12 | 9 | Sheffield | 35 | 35.9 |
13 | 14 | Glasgow | 32 | 35.6 |
14 | 15 | Warwick | 23 | 33.8 |
15 | 12 | Birmingham | 33 | 33.3 |
16 | 17 | Newcastle | 28 | 28.5 |
17 | 16 | Cardiff | 27 | 28.1 |
18 | 19 | Durham | 23 | 24.9 |
19 | 21 | Queen's Belfast | 28 | 24.7 |
20 | 20 | Queen Mary, London | 21 | 23.4 |
21 | 25 | Exeter | 25 | 23.3 |
22 | 18 | Liverpool | 26 | 23.2 |
23 | 27 | LSE | 14 | 22.5 |
24 | 22 | York | 24 | 22.4 |
25 | 24 | Lancaster | 16 | 19.9 |
26 | 23 | Loughborough | 18 | 18 |
27 | 26 | Leicester | 25 | 17.6 |
28 | 28 | Reading | 23 | 17.6 |
29 | 32 | St Andrews | 20 | 17.3 |
30 | 31 | Strathclyde | 17 | 17 |
31 | 29 | Aberdeen | 25 | 16.7 |
32 | 40 | Kent | 23 | 16.6 |
33 | 33 | Bath | 13 | 15.8 |
34 | 30 | Sussex | 24 | 14.9 |
35 | 34 | East Anglia | 24 | 14.7 |
36 | 41 | Surrey | 15 | 12.6 |
37 | 35 | Dundee | 20 | 12.3 |
38 | 38 | Ulster | 20 | 12.2 |
39 | 36 | Royal Holloway, London | 17 | 12.1 |
40 | 37 | Swansea | 18 | 11.9 |
41 | 39 | Brunel | 21 | 11.7 |
42 | 53 | London Sch Hygiene & TM | 2 | 11.6 |
43 | 47 | Heriot-Watt | 12 | 10.7 |
44 | 43 | Essex | 14 | 10.5 |
45 | 45 | City | 12 | 10.5 |
46 | 42 | Open | 18 | 10.2 |
47 | 46 | Birkbeck | 14 | 9.49 |
48 | 54 | Stirling | 15 | 8.43 |
49 | 51 | Aberystwyth | 17 | 7.99 |
50 | 50 | Plymouth | 18 | 7.83 |
REF 2014 英國大學官方排名Research GPA
(THE統計結果)
以下根據泰晤士高等教育(Times Higher Education,簡稱THE)統計給出的Research GPA排名前五十
[15]
:
2014 | 2008 | Institution | Total number of FTE staff submitted | Research power | Rank on research power 2014 |
1 | 1 | Institute of Cancer Research | 103 | 351 | 87 |
2 | 6 | Imperial College London | 1,257 | 4,223 | 8 |
3 | =4 | London School of Economics and Political Science | 532 | 1,783 | 28 |
4 | =4 | University of Oxford | 2,409 | 8,047 | 2 |
5 | 2 | University of Cambridge | 2,088 | 6,952 | 3 |
6 | =22 | Cardiff University | 738 | 2,412 | 18 |
7 | =22 | King’s College London | 1,369 | 4,422 | 6 |
=8 | 7 | University College London | 2,566 | 8,261 | 1 |
=8 | 9 | University of Warwick | 931 | 2,997 | 15 |
10 | 3 | London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London | 314 | 1,004 | 46 |
=11 | 12 | University of Edinburgh | 1,753 | 5,575 | 4 |
=11 | =14 | University of Bristol | 1,138 | 3,618 | 9 |
=11 | 13 | Queen Mary University of London | 671 | 2,133 | 22 |
=14 | =14 | University of Sheffield | 1,043 | 3,307 | 13 |
=14 | 10 | University of York | 643 | 2,038 | 23 |
=14 | =20 | University of Bath | 462 | 1,463 | 35 |
17 | 8 | University of Manchester | 1,561 | 4,933 | 5 |
=18 | =14 | University of Southampton | 1,113 | 3,506 | 11 |
=18 | =20 | Lancaster University | 580 | 1,826 | 26 |
20 | =14 | Durham University | 740 | 2,325 | 20 |
=21 | =14 | University of Leeds | 1,149 | 3,597 | 10 |
=21 | =14 | University of St Andrews | 519 | 1,623 | 32 |
23 | =35 | University of East Anglia | 455 | 1,415 | 36 |
=24 | =33 | University of Glasgow | 1,099 | 3,408 | 12 |
=24 | n/a | Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine | 35 | 109 | 114 |
=26 | =24 | University of Nottingham | 1,404 | 4,340 | 7 |
=26 | 27 | Newcastle University | 888 | 2,744 | 16 |
=26 | =24 | Royal Holloway, University of London | 378 | 1,168 | 40 |
=26 | =52 | Swansea University | 370 | 1,142 | 42 |
30 | =28 | University of Exeter | 736 | 2,267 | 21 |
=31 | 26 | University of Birmingham | 1,065 | 3,271 | 14 |
=31 | 49 | Cranfield University | 224 | 687 | 61 |
=33 | =40 | University of Liverpool | 760 | 2,325 | 19 |
=33 | =45 | Heriot-Watt University | 352 | 1,078 | 44 |
=35 | 11 | University of Essex | 339 | 1,034 | 45 |
=35 | =52 | Aston University | 199 | 608 | 69 |
37 | 50 | University of Strathclyde | 558 | 1,696 | 31 |
=38 | 42 | University of Reading | 590 | 1,788 | 27 |
=38 | =40 | University of Dundee | 396 | 1,199 | 39 |
40 | 30 | University of Sussex | 501 | 1,507 | 34 |
41 | 103 | Cardiff Metropolitan University | 35 | 105 | 115 |
=42 | 39 | Queen’s University Belfast | 868 | 2,596 | 17 |
=42 | =52 | Bangor University | 233 | 697 | 59 |
=42 | =66 | St George’s, University of London | 56 | 166 | 108 |
45 | =35 | University of Surrey | 459 | 1,367 | 37 |
=46 | 38 | University of Aberdeen | 597 | 1,774 | 29 |
=46 | =33 | Birkbeck, University of London | 328 | 973 | 48 |
48 | =56 | University of Stirling | 301 | 891 | 52 |
=49 | =28 | Loughborough University | 646 | 1,905 | 25 |
=49 | =31 | University of Kent | 591 | 1,744 | 30 |
=49 | =45 | City University London | 378 | 1,116 | 43 |
=49 | 62 | University of Bradford | 124 | 365 | 85 |
REF 2014 英國大學官方排名Research Intensity
(THE統計結果)
因為前兩項排名均沒有考慮到參與REF評審的教師的比例,泰晤士高等教育(Times Higher Education,簡稱THE)給出了Research Intensity排名,前30名大學包括
[16]
:
2014 | Institution |
1 | University of Cambridge |
2 | Imperial College London |
3 | University College London |
4 | University of Bristol |
5 | University of Oxford |
6 | London School of Economics and Political Science |
=7 | Queen's University Belfast |
=7 | University of Southampton |
9 | University of Warwick |
10 | University of Edinburgh |
11 | Loughborough University |
12 | University of Glasgow |
13 | University of St Andrews |
14 | King’s College London |
15 | University of Strathclyde |
=16 | University of Exeter |
=16 | University of Kent |
=16 | University of Reading |
19 | University of Essex |
20 | University of Birmingham |
=21 | Durham University |
=21 | Goldsmiths, University of London |
=23 | Newcastle University |
=23 | University of Manchester |
25 | University of Nottingham |
26 | Lancaster University |
27 | Birkbeck, University of London |
28 | Royal Holloway, University of London |
29 | University of York |
30 | University of Sheffield |
- 參考資料
-
- 1. 英國大學科研評估的最新發展及其對我國的啓示 .中國教育部官網[引用日期2020-03-06]
- 2. 英格蘭高等教育撥款委員會(HEFCE)簡介 .北京大學官網[引用日期2020-03-06]
- 3. 蘇格蘭若獨立學術將失大量支持 .BBC[引用日期2020-03-06]
- 4. 威爾士高等學府準備削經費 .BBC[引用日期2020-03-06]
- 5. 北愛爾蘭經濟部高等教育司 .北愛爾蘭經濟部官網[引用日期2020-03-06]
- 6. REF 2014 (官方網站) .REF 2014 英文官方網站[引用日期2016-12-13]
- 7. REF2014: Overall Ranking of Institutions .Times Higher Education[引用日期2020-03-06]
- 8. University Research Excellence Framework 2014 – the full rankings .Guardian[引用日期2020-03-06]
- 9. UCL allocated £171m by HEFCE for 2015/16 .倫敦大學學院官網[引用日期2020-03-06]
- 10. Oxford secures £139m in HEFCE research funding .牛津大學官網[引用日期2020-03-06]
- 11. University College London research grant 2019-2020 .英國政府研究與創新組織官網[引用日期2020-03-06]
- 12. Oxford University research grant 2019-2020 .英國政府研究與創新組織官網[引用日期2020-03-06]
- 13. University of Cambridge Research Grant 2019-2020 .英國政府研究與創新組織官網[引用日期2020-03-06]
- 14. Imperial College Research grant 2019-2020 .英國政府研究與創新組織官網[引用日期2020-03-06]
- 15. RESEARCH EXCELLENCE FRAMEWORK 2014: OVERALL RANKING OF INSTITUTIONS .REF [引用日期2016-12-11]
- 16. Times Higher Education REF Research Intensity Ranking .Times Higher Education[引用日期2018-12-23]
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