NBER

NBER的歷史

Founded in 1920, the National Bureau of Economic Research is a private, nonprofit, nonpartisan research organization dedicated to promoting a greater understanding of how the economy works. The NBER is committed to undertaking and disseminating unbiased economic research among public policymakers, business professionals, and the academic community.

建立於1920年，國家經濟研究局是一個私人的、非盈利、無黨派分歧的研究機構，專注於更好的理解經濟運行狀態。NBER決心致力於在經濟政策制定者、商業專家和科研院所之間傳播無偏的經濟研究。

Over the years the Bureau's research agenda has encompassed a wide variety of issues that confront our society. The Bureau's early research focused on the aggregate economy, examining in detail the business cycle and long-term economic growth. Simon Kuznets' pioneering work on national income accounting, Wesley Mitchell's influential study of the business cycle, and Milton Friedman's research on the demand for money and the determinants of consumer spending were among the early studies done at the NBER

1920年,米切爾組建了國民經濟研究局(NBER),成為其研究主任和精神領袖。NBER的第一個研究項目是國民收入及其分配。此後,NBER的主要研究項目是根據經濟現實的發展不斷對米切爾的《經濟週期》著作進行修訂,包括使用國民收入數據進行修訂。他們對經濟週期的研究,是希望社會形成一種經濟週期意識,也就是説,經濟是按一種循環模式運行的:繁榮、衰退、蕭條和復甦,每一個階段都是前一階段不可避免的結果,每一個階段跟隨着出現。最重要的是,NBER在經濟週期領域的研究表明了一個事實:經濟週期是資本主義經濟體系的內部因素導致的。