英語寫作

本教材是全國高等教育自學考試英語專業本科階段一門重要的實踐課程指定教材，按照該課程1999年修訂的自學考試大綱進行編寫。

本教材從實際應用出發，重點教授如何撰寫讀書報告，如何用英語寫好記敍文、描寫文、説明文以及議論文等。

本教材旨在使該專業考生通過學習，能寫出內容充實、具有一定廣度與深度的説明和議論文以及課程論文，掌握撰寫畢業論文的基本技能和提綱、提要、讀書報告的撰寫技巧，寫作速度達到每小時250至300詞。 ^[1] 

當您開始閲讀《英語寫作》時，人類已經邁入了2l世紀。這是一個變幻難測的世紀，這是一個催人奮進的時代，科學技術飛速發展，知識更替日新月異。希望、困惑、機遇、挑戰，隨時隨地都有可能出現在每一個社會成員的生活之中。抓住機遇，尋求發展，迎接挑戰，適應變化的制勝法寶就是學習——依靠自己學習，終生學習。 ^[1] 

Part One

The Book Report

Part Two

The Whole Composition

I. Format

II. Outline

A. Deciding oa topic

B. Formulating a thesis

C. Collecting details

III. Types of Writing

A. Narration

1. Guidelines for effective narration

B. Description

1. Descriptioof a person

2. Descriptioof a place

3. Descriptioof aobject

4. Descriptioof a scene

C. Exposition

1. Exemplification

2. Process Analysis

3. Divisioand Classification

4. Cause and Effect

5. Comparisoand Contrast

D. Argumentation

1. From Your Argumentative Thesis

2. Focus othe Concerns and Knowledge of aAppropriate Audience

3. Tailor Evidence to the Argumentative Thesis

4. Develop Evidence with Adequate and Appropriate Support

(1) Definitioof important terms

(2) Verifiable facts

(3) Examples, including personal experience

(4) Recognized authority othe subject

(5) Quotations, especially from aauthority

(6) Statistics

5. Provide Clear and Obvious Connections

Part Three

Process of Writing a Research Paper

I. Choose a suitable topic

A. Finding a topic

B. Narrowing the topic

II. How to research

A. Exploring the library

B. Following a search strategy

1. Reference works

(1) General encyclopedias

(2) Specialized encyclopedias

(3) Biographical references

(4) Unabridged dictionaries

(5) Books

(6) Periodicals

(7) Other sources

C. Evaluating sources for relevance and reliability

D. Preparing bibliography cards

1. How to take notes oyour cards

(1) Note cards that summarize

(2) Note cards that paraphrase

(3) Note cards that quote

(4) Personal note cards

(5) Alternatives to note cards

E. Reading and taking notes

III. The thesis and outline

A. Arriving at the thesis

B. Constructing a preliminary outline

1. Focusing oa hypothesis

2. Constructing a preliminary outline

IV. Expand notes into a draft, theinto a paper

A. Preparing the first draft

B. Incorporating notes into the flow of a paper

V. Follow the MLA style of in-text citations

A. The MLA style

1. Author isignal phrase, page number iparentheses

2. Author and page number iparentheses

3. Wheto include a title

4. Unknowauthor

5. A work with two or more authors

6. A multi-volume work

7. A novel, a play, or a poem

8. Indirect source

9. Parenthetical citatioof two or more works

B. Endnotes and footnotes

C. Spacing and punctuation

D. Preparing a list of works cited

Part Four

A Sample Research Paper

後記

英語寫作自學考試大綱 ^[1]