漢英翻譯與跨語認知

《漢英翻譯與跨語認知》第十章也是最後一章將兼顧語義、句法和語用三個層面，通過考察包括形容詞和副詞這些修飾語的語義指向（semantic orientation）和句法位置（syntactic position）的跨語認知調整，透視修飾語因這些調整所連帶的語用功能（pragmatic function）的變化。在漢英翻譯過程中，漢語原文為了表達細膩的語義內容和語用目的，往往會將修飾語與被修飾的成分進行句法錯置，即將其放置在並非它所語義指向的被修飾語附近，從而造成了語義指向和句法位置的錯位。而經過漢英翻譯的認知轉換之後常常會出現修飾語歸位的現象，即將修飾語迴歸到它所語義指向的被修飾成分的位置。這種歸位的後果即是句法的跨語轉換現象，同時也會影響語義內容表達的細膩性以及原文語用目的在譯文中的實現。 ^[1] 

1 Introduction: co-refererice, inter-structure and re-conceptualization in C-E translation

1.1 Introduction

1.2 The co-referential relation in C-E translation

1.3 Inter-structural relations between SL and TL

1.4 Conceptual relations between SL and TL

1.5 Conclusion

2 Cognitive abilities in C-E translation

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Images-raw materials for cognitive event in translation

2.3 Cognitive abilities in C-E translation

2.3.1 Recuperation of scene

2.3.2 Selective readjustment

2.3.3 Perspective shifts

2.3.4 Abstraction

2.4 Summary: iconicity as the principle of mechanism for cognitive abilities

3 Cognitive characteristics of re-categorization in C-E translation

3.1 Re-categorization: a cognitive mechanism in translation

3.2 The cognitive characteristics of re-categorization in C-E translation

3.2.1 The confinedness in re-categorization

3.2.2 The split-levelness in re-categorization

3.2.3 The parasiticness of re-categorization

3.2.4 The bi-directionalness in re-categorization

3.3 Conclusion: translational cognitive re-categorization in the light of linguistic philosophy

4 Semantic construction through space blending in C-E translation

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Space blending: a theoretical account

4.2.1 Space blending theory

4.2.2 Cold dish or cold plate?

4.3 Frame, domain, space, script: parameters in cross-lingual space blending

4.3.1 Frame: a parameter pertaining to the spatial proximity within a scene

4.3.2 Domain: a parameter pertaining to the total knowledge involved and the interrelatedness of its constituents

4.3.3 Script: a parameter pertaining to a temporally sequenced space

4.3.4 Ease: a parameter against which a constituent in a frame, domain or script is profiled

4.4 Conclusion

5 Two levels of cross-lingual metonymic substitution in C-E translation

5.1 Metonymy in cognitive perspective

5.2 Types of metonymy

5.3 Metaphor-metonymy relationship

5.4 Metonymie approaches to C-E translation

5.4.1 Low-level metonymy

5.4.2 High-level metonymy

5.4.3 Metaphtonymy

5.5 Conclusion

6 Re-lexicalization of motion-event in C-E translation

6.1 Introduction: what is re-lexicalization?

6.2 Re-lexicalization patterns in C-E translation: eventualization,event composition and event decomposition

6.3 Principles in opting for re-lexicalization patterns ".

6.4 Eventualization from verb-weak Chinese

6.5 Re-lexicalization of motion event in C-E translation by composition and decomposition

6.5.1 Motion + Co-Event 1t

6.5.2 Conflation of cause Co-Event onto verb

6.5.3 Conflation of path onto verb

6.5.4 Conflation of figure onto'verb

6.5.5 Conflation of result/effect onto verb

6.5.6 Conflation of ground onto verb

6.6 Translator's two optional tendencies: verb framing and satellite framing

6.7Conclusion: detection of semantic potentials for cross-linguistic lexicalization

7 Re-matching of verb with construction in C-E translation

7.1 Introduction: verb and construction

7.2 Verb-construction links in C-E translation

7.3 The re-matching of equivalent verb for SL with construction

7.3.1 Full compatibility in verb-construction links

7.3.2 Cognitive motivation for verb-construction integration

7.3.3 The main consequence of verb-construction re-matching in C-E translation: a semantic shift

7.4 Conclusion

8 Inter-constructional correlations in C-E translation

8.1 Introduction

8.1.1 Theoretical prerequisites

8.1.2 Tentative observations

8.2 Constructional productivity in C-E translation

8.2.1 Difference in the degree of constructional productivity between Chinese and English

8.2.2 Productivity of English constructions in C-E translation

8.3 Inter-constructional correlations by metonymic inheritance in C-E translation

8.3.1 Sub-partial links in C-E translation

8.3.2 Componential inheritance of predicative verb and argument role

8.4 Inter-constructional correlations by metaphorical extension in C-E translation

8.4.1 Full extension

8.4.2 Argument role contribution

8.4.3 Argument role annulment

8.5 Inter-constructional transformation in C-E translation

8.6 Conclusion

9 Fictivity and factivity of event re-conceptualization in

C-E translation

9.1 Theoretical framework: factivity and fictivity of cognitive conceptualization

9.2 Path specification and event re-conceptualization in C-E translation

9.2.1 Orientation paths

9.2.2 Radiation paths

9.2.3 Shadow paths

9.2.4 Sensory paths

9.2.5 Pattern paths

10 Semantic orientation,syntactic position and pragmatic function of modifier in C-E translation

References

Subject index

Chinese postscript