反身代詞

反身代詞的解析圖片(4張)

反身代詞 ^[1] 

fǎn shēn dài cí

如：

（1）A marked bee fed itself from the dish and returned to the hive.

翻譯：一隻做了標記的蜜蜂從盤中餵飽 自己以後就飛回蜂箱了。（itself 與 bee 在人稱、性質、數字上保持一致）

（2）In 1955 Walt Disney himself opened the first Disney park.

翻譯：1955年，沃爾特.迪士尼親自創辦了第一個迪士尼公園。（himself 與 Walt Disney 在人稱、性質、數上保持一致）構成

1、第一、二人稱的反身代詞是由形容詞性物主代詞加上-self或-selves構成的。如：

I--myself　we--ourselves you（單數）-- yourself　you（複數）-- yourselves

2、第三人稱的反身代詞是由人稱代詞的賓格加上-self或-selves構成的。如：

she--herself　 he --himself it--itself　 they--themselves　one--oneself

一、反身代詞的基本形式

反身代詞是 oneself根據所指詞的人稱、性別、單複數等的變化可以有 myself, himself, herself, yourself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 等形式。

二、oneself與himself

當one指人時，其相應的反身代詞通常用oneself, 在美國英語中也可用himself：

One should not praise oneself [himself]. 一個人不應該自吹自擂。

三、反身代詞的句法功能：

1. 用作同位語(加強被修飾詞的語氣，僅放在被修飾名詞後, 或句末)：

The box itself is not so heavy. 箱子本身並不重。

Mrs.Black herself is a lawyer. 布萊克太太本人就是一名律師。

You had better ask the driver himself. 你最好問司機本人。

Martin himself attended the sick man. 馬丁親自照顧病人。

Don’t trouble to come over yourself. 你不必費神親自來了。

You yourself said so. / You said so yourself. 你自己是這樣説的。

Never leave to others what you ought to do yourself. 不要把自己該做的事留給別人做。

2. 用作賓語(動詞或介詞的賓語)：

Take good care of yourself. 好好照顧你自己。

He has a right to decide for himself. 他有權為自己做出決定。

He made no complaint for himself. 他沒為自己抱怨什麼。

The child can dress himself. 這孩子能自己穿衣服了。

She finally gained control of herself. 最後她控制住了自己。

She could not make herself understood. 她不能使別人聽懂她的話。

Everybody here has the influenza including myself. 包括我在內所有人都患上流感。

The child cried himself to sleep. 孩子哭着哭着睡着了。

She convinced herself that it was so. 她説服自己情況是這樣的。

He had a couple of revolvers with which to defend himself. 他只有一兩把手槍用來自衞。

3. 用作表語

The poor boy was myself. 那個可憐的孩子就是我自己。

Just be yourself. 做你自己就好了。

Mary hasn't quite been herself recently. 瑪麗近來感到不適。

The ones who really want it are ourselves. 真正想要它的是我們自己。

【説明】有時用於 be, feel, seem, look 等後作表語表示身體或精神處於正常狀態：

I’m not quite myself these days. 我近來身體不大舒服。

I’ll be myself again in no time. 我過一會兒就會好。

4. 用作主語。在現代英語中，一般不能獨立用作主語，但是它卻可以藉助 and, or, nor 等連詞與其他名詞一起構成並列主語(且位於並列主語的後部)，以及用於某些特殊結構(如as...as等)：

My brother and myself went there yesterday. 昨天我兄弟和我一起去了那兒。

Jim’s sister and himself get up at six every day. 吉姆的妹妹和他每天6點起牀。

He was as anxious as myself. 他和我一樣擔心。

·反身代詞不能做主語，但可作主語同位語，放在主語後或句末。如：

我自己去了電影院。

錯：Myself went to the cinema .

對：I went to the cinema myself.

·反身代詞可以作賓語的同位語

You can go and ask John himself.翻譯：你可以去問約翰本人。

·反身代詞可以作介詞的賓語。

by oneself 全靠自己；

say to oneself 自言自語。

She learnt swimming all by herself.

她是自學游泳的。

She said to herself,"Who am I?"

她自言自語的説：“我是誰？”

·反身代詞作動詞的賓語

enjoy oneself 玩得高興；

help oneself (to) 隨便用……；

反身代詞(2張)

hurt oneself 傷害自己；

teach oneself 自學；

get dressed oneself 自己穿衣

seat oneself 就坐

1、第一、二人稱的反身代詞是由形容詞性物主代詞加上-self或-selves（selves-是當形容詞性物主代詞為複數時才用的）構成的。如：my--myself　our--ourselves you（單數）-- yourself　you（複數）-- yourselves

2、第三人稱的反身代詞是由人稱代詞的賓格加上-self或-selves（selves-是當形容詞性物主代詞為複數時才用的）構成的。如：her--herself　him --himself it--itself　them--themselves　one--oneself