元音音素

【年級】：沒有區分

【學科】：英語

【標題】：元音音素

【元音】：元音又稱母音，是音素的一種，與輔音相對，是在發音過程中由氣流通過口腔而不受阻礙發出的音。

【元音字母】：是指語言裏起着發聲作用的字母，是為元音字母。元音又作“元音”在拉丁字母中，a,e,i,o,u通常都是元音字母.

8個元音音素及發音規則：

元音 /α:/、/כ/、/כ:/、/u/、/u:/、/Λ/、/∂/、/∂:/

1、/α:/ ：嘴全開，唇成自然狀，舌根部後縮，後位音、長元音，字母組合ar發這個音。

發音練習： heart arm darn farm cart fast car dark barn pass hard far star park half father master

朗讀單詞：/æ/與/α:/的比較

cap carp am arm lad lard ant aunt pack park

bad bard ham harm lack lark chat chart hash harsh

2、/כ/ ：舌尖離開下齒齦，口成橢圓形，短元音，以輔音字母結尾的詞的O常讀此音。

發音練習： lot got job shop soft song top hot box pot lock watch

cost stop clock long gone wrong bottle orange doctor coffee

朗讀單詞：/æ/與/כ/的比較

hat hot cat cot cap cop sack sock ran wrong

3、/כ:/ ：比/כ/開口更小，唇成圓形、突出，舌根部後縮，長元音。字母組合or、all、al、aw常讀此音。

發音練習：tall fall wall walk call yawn thought walking lawn short dawn talk storm fort morning

朗讀單詞：/כ:/與/כ/的比較

don dawn pot port cot caught spot sport not naught

cod cord stock stork fox fork

4、/u/ ：舌尖離開下齒齦，舌後部上抬，唇較圓，短元音。 字母 u、oo、ou 常發此音。

發音練習：cook book look put good full foot would room broom push sugar woman football pudding goodbye

朗讀單詞：/u/與/כ:/的比較

fall full talk book ball bull fought foot

5、/u:/ ：舌位同/u/，但比/u/稍低，唇較/u/更小、突出，長元音。o、oo、ou、常發此音。

發音練習：too soon rule boot fool school soup cool lose shoes goose whose shoot pool foolish

朗讀單詞：/u:/與/u/的比較

coot could goose good whose hood shoot should pool pull

fool full

6、/Λ/ ：口腔全開，唇成自然狀，短元音。

發音練習：cup bus gun hut sung duck lung luck cut stuck musk some honey money won mouth once couple shut up cousin fun

朗讀單詞：/Λ/與/æ/的比較

cap cup bag bug sack suck ban bun rag rug

7、/∂/ ：口形與唇成自然狀，肌肉放鬆，口腔半開，短元音。/∂/的拼寫形式多種多樣。

發音練習：ago about asleep above again among mother brother doctor teacher never danger sugar order butter picture

8、/∂:/ ：口腔在半開狀態，唇向兩邊咧開，長元音。

發音練習：shirt hurt burn girl bird nurse work worm curse world dirty skirt thirsty worst person curtin serve early

朗讀單詞：/∂:/與/כ:/的比較

torn turn short shirt wall world

元音音素/α:/、/כ/、/כ:/、/u/、/u:/、/Λ/、/∂/、/∂:/

20個元音音素對應元音音素例子：

(1) [i:] sea, he, see, piece, ceiling

(2) [i]sit, build, miss, myth

(3) [e] bed, desk, head,

(4) [ ae] bad, land, bank, stamp (a和e中間是連起來的)

(5) [ ɔ] hot, want

(6) [ ɔ:] door, more, sport, ball, warm, author, court, bought, caught

(8) [u] look, put, woman, could

(10) [ ʌ] cup, come, blood, rough

(11) [ ə:] girl, work, serve, nurse

(12) [ə] cadre, ago, forget, polite, dollar, doctor, famous, Saturday

(13) [ei] cake, they, play, eight, great, 14) [ai] bike, die, neither, light, try, find, height, eye

(15) [əu] phone, cold, boat, soul, grow

(17) [ɔi] boy, oil

(18) [iə] dear, idea, deer, here, fierce,

(19) [ɛə] pear, care, there, fair

(20) [ uə] tour, poor,

a 與an區別，有一條就是an要跟在元音音素前，而a要跟在輔音音素前。